I have been engaged in the LED industry for so many years, how much industry knowledge do you know? Do you know which manufacturers are producing LED chips? What is color temperature and brightness? What are the basic performances that need to be focused on when choosing an LED source? What are the floodlights and floodlights? What should I pay attention to when installing outdoors? Are you clear about this? It doesn't matter, Shenzhen Aurora Optoelectronics will give a detailed introduction to these LED basics, and see and learn.

1. Taiwan LED chip maker

Epistar (Epistar) referred to as: ES, (Lianquan, Yuankun, Lianyong, Guolian), Guangga Optoelectronics (Huga), New Century (Genesis Photonics), Arachi Optoel ectronics: AOC, Taigu Photoelectric (Tekcore), Kellett, Fuxin, Guanghong, Jingfa, Shichuang, Zhoulei, Liansheng (HPO), Hanguang (HL), Guanglei (ED), Dingyuan (Tyntek) referred to: TK, 曜Fuzhou Technology TC, Formosa Epitaxy, Guotong, Lianding, New Optoelectronics (VPEC), etc.

Ledtech Electronics, Unity Opto Technology, Para Light Electronics, Everlight Electronics, Bright LED Electronics, Kingbright, Lingsen Precision Industries ), Ligitek lectronics, Lite-OnTechnology, HARVATEK, etc.

2.Continental LED chip manufacturers

Sanan Optoelectronics abbreviation (S), Shanghai Blu-ray (Epilight) abbreviation (E), Silan Mingxin (SL), Dalian Lumei abbreviation (LM), Diyuan Optoelectronics, Huacan Optoelectronics, Nanchang Xinlei, Shanghai Jinqiao Dachen , Hebei Lide, Hebei Huineng, Shenzhen Orende, Shenzhen Century Jingyuan, Guangzhou Puguang, Yangzhou Huaxia Integration, Gansu Xintiandian Company, Dongguan Fudi Electronic Materials, Qingxin Optoelectronics, Jingneng Optoelectronics, Medium-light Optoelectronics, Dry Photoelectric, Jingda Optoelectronics, Shenzhen Fangda, Shandong Huaguang, Shanghai Lanbao and so on.

3. Color temperature and brightness

Color temperature ( Co1or Temperature )

Unit: Absolute Temperature (Kelvin, K)

The color temperature is expressed by the absolute temperature K, which is a standard black body (such as platinum). When the temperature rises to a certain degree, the color begins to be red, orange, yellow, green, blue, sputum (blue-violet), purple, and gradually. Change, using the characteristics of this light color change, when the light color of the light source is the same as the light color of the black body, we refer to the temperature of the black body at that time as the color temperature of the light source. When the color temperature is around 3000K, the color of the light is yellowish. When the color temperature is above 5000K, the light color is blue. Light of different color temperatures with different illumination and visual effects. Different color temperatures correspond to different colors of light as shown below. Different wavelengths give the human eye different color perceptions, from red, orange, yellow, green, blue, enamel (blue-violet), and purple. The sensitivity of the eye varies strongly with wavelength.

For example, under good lighting conditions, the eye is 20 times more sensitive to light at 550 nm (yellow) than red or blue. This is also an important reason why fog lights and road lights in most cars use yellow light. Color temperature is a measure of color temperature and is not a measure of the brightness of a lamp. The color temperature of the halogen lamp can be from 2300K to 7000K; the color temperature of the HID lamp is from 4200K to over 8000K; the higher the color temperature of the lamp, the worse the penetration of fog and rain (the less bright). Large manufacturers such as Philips have only produced xenon lamps with a color temperature of up to 6000K. The following are the performances of different color temperatures:

Light color temperature

3000K yellow light, strong penetrating power

4200K white with yellow, original car with xenon lamp

5000K light all white, the highest color temperature in Europe

6000K light all white, slightly blue

6500K daylight in the sun

7000-8000K white with obvious blue

8000K or more of blue light, the penetration is extremely poor. It is recommended that the color temperature of about 6000K is the color temperature of the whitest slightly starting to turn blue. The human eye is easy to accept, not easy to fatigue, improve safety, and the halogen lamp is poor.

4. Select the basic performance of LED light source to pay attention to

With the enthusiasm of the market, as a consumer, the choice is still to be calm, scientific analysis, select the best cost-effective light source and lighting, the following describes several basic performance:

1, the brightness of the brightness is different, the price is different. For luminaires, it should meet the laser class I standard.

2, anti-static ability anti-static ability, long life, and therefore high price. Generally, antistatic is greater than 700V for lighting.

3. The wavelengths are the same, the colors are the same. If the colors are the same, the price is high. It is difficult for manufacturers without spectrophotometers to produce pure color products.

4. The leakage current is a unidirectional conductive illuminator. If there is a reverse current, it is called leakage, the leakage current is large, the life is short, and the price is low.

5. The illumination angle is different for different illumination angles. Special lighting angle, the price is higher. Such as the full diffusing angle, the price is higher.

6. The key to different quality of life is life, and life is determined by light decay. Low light decay, long life, long life and high price.

7. The illuminator of the wafer is a wafer, and the price of the wafer varies greatly. The chips in Japan and the United States are relatively expensive, and the prices of wafers in Taiwan and China are generally lower than those in Japan and the United States.

8. Wafer Size The size of the wafer is expressed by the side length. The quality of the large wafer is better than that of the small wafer. The price is proportional to the size of the wafer.

9, colloidal ordinary colloid is generally epoxy resin, plus the price of anti-ultraviolet and fire retardant is more expensive, high-quality outdoor lighting should be resistant to UV and fire. Each product will have different designs. Different designs are suitable for different purposes. The reliability design of lighting includes: electrical safety, fire safety, environmental safety, mechanical safety, health and safety, and safe use time. From the perspective of electrical safety, it should comply with relevant international and national standards.

Because it is a new product, China's national standards lag, but the country provides product qualification tests. Lightings with international safety certifications (such as GS, CE, UL, etc.) and national product quality certificates are expensive because they are reliable in safety design. Consumers are paying attention to the authenticity of the certificate. There are not many manufacturers with international safety certification and national product certification.

From the aspect of health, the price of products designed with non-toxic materials is high, especially indoor lighting. Don't use cheap lighting. Only a few manufacturers use non-toxic materials. The method of identification can be used directly. The nose has a much lower price than the odorless product. Toxins like lead, mercury, and cadmium require professional analysis. From the perspective of applicable environmental safety, there is a reliable dust-proof and moisture-proof design, and the price of materials for fireproofing, ultraviolet protection, and low-temperature cracking is high.

5, the difference between floodlights and floodlights

What is an LED floodlight?

LED Floodlight (LEDDownlight) is also called spotlight, projection lamp, spotlight, etc. It is mainly used for architectural decoration lighting, as well as for commercial space lighting. The decorative components are heavier, and its appearance is round and square. Because it is generally necessary to consider the cause of heat dissipation, so its shape and the traditional floodlights still have some differences.

LED flood light features:

At present, the LED floodlights commonly used in the market basically use 1W high-power LEDs (each LED component will have a high-efficiency lens made of PMMA, and its main function is to distribute the light emitted by the LEDs twice, that is, two. Sub-optics), there are also a few companies that use 3W or higher power LEDs because of the good heat treatment technology. Suitable for large-scale lighting, lighting, buildings and other lighting.

What other things do you need to pay attention to?

1. High-purity aluminum reflector, the most accurate beam and the best reflection effect.

2. Symmetrical narrow angle, wide angle and asymmetric light distribution system.

3, open behind the replacement of the bulb, easy to maintain.

4. The lamps are equipped with scale plates to adjust the illumination angle.

LED floodlights are controlled by built-in microchips. In small-scale engineering applications, they can be used without controllers, enabling dynamic effects such as gradual change, jump, color flicker, random flicker, and gradual transition. They can also be controlled by DMX. Achieve chasing, scanning and other effects. At present, the main application places are probably: single building, historical building group exterior wall lighting, building exterior light, indoor partial lighting, green landscape lighting, billboard lighting, medical culture and other special facilities lighting, bars, Entertainment venues such as dance halls, etc.

What is an LED floodlight?

The LED floodlight is a point source that can be uniformly illuminated in all directions. Its illumination range can be adjusted arbitrarily and appears as a regular octahedron in the scene. Floodlights are one of the most widely used sources in renderings, and standard floodlights are used to illuminate the entire scene. Multiple floodlights can be applied to the scene to produce better results. The floodlight is one of the most widely used light sources in the renderings. In the scene, multiple floodlights can be used to coordinate the effect to produce better results. It is best to illuminate objects from a specific point in all directions, and use it to analogize bulbs and candles. Floodlights can be placed anywhere in the scene. For example, it can be placed outside the scope of the camera or inside the object. It is common to use many different colors of floodlights in the scene. These floodlights can project darkness and blend on the model. Because the floodlights have a large illumination range, the floodlights are very easy to predict, and there are many auxiliary uses for this kind of light. For example, if the floodlight is placed close to the surface of the object, it will be on the surface of the object. Produces bright light on the top.

It should be noted that the floodlights cannot be built too much, otherwise the renderings will appear dull and dull. Therefore, in the usual renderings, pay more attention to the influence of the lighting parameters and layout on the light perception of the entire rendering scene, accumulate experience and master the matching skills of the lighting.

Characteristics of the floodlight:

Floodlights illuminate objects uniformly from a specific point in all directions, and it is best to use analog lights and candles. Floodlights can be placed anywhere in the scene. For example, it can be placed outside the scope of the camera or inside the object. It is common to use many different colors of floodlights in the scene. These floodlights can project darkness and blend on the model. Because the floodlights have a large illumination range, the floodlights are very easy to predict, and there are many auxiliary uses for this kind of light. For example, if the floodlight is placed close to the surface of the object, it will be on the surface of the object. Produces bright light on the top.

6, outdoor lighting installation precautions

Grounding: The luminaire must have good wiring and grounding according to the requirements of the manual. Class I luminaires are not grounded and become an approximate class 0 luminaire;

Allowable voltage fluctuations: HCI ceramic metal halide lamps, HQI quartz metal halide lamps and NAV high pressure sodium lamps require voltage fluctuations within a short period of time not to exceed +/- 5%, long-term allowable fluctuation range +/- 3%, Large voltage changes can shorten the life of the lamp and cause color shifts;

Use of light sources: Frequent switching will shorten the life of the lamp;

Ballast: the distance between the light source and the ballast is limited, generally not more than 3 meters;

Starting current: HCI, HQI and NAV are different ballasts, the lamp starting current can be up to 2 times of the working current, so this current must be considered in the circuit design, otherwise the switch is easy to trip;

Luminous flux: The parameters of the light source are relatively stable at the point of 100 to 300 hours. The burning position of the T and TS types is horizontal, while the E type is the vertical head. When the light source has different burning positions, its luminous flux, color temperature and even life are There are significant differences;

Color deviation: For all HQI and HCI metal halide lamps, there may be a color deviation between the lamp and the lamp. This color deviation is due to external factors such as power supply voltage, ballast and lamp design. Factors affecting color temperature consistency:

Internal cause: The consistency of the arc tube (filling amount of mercury, electrode gap, volume, current status and size) determines the consistency of lamp power and cold spot temperature, which affects the density of the halide and determines the color temperature of the lamp. consistency. At present, the foreign advanced level, the relevant color temperature tolerance of the same batch of light source can be controlled at +/-100K, while the domestic advanced level is around +/-300K. For the 3000K metal halide lamp, the color temperature of 600K is easily felt by the naked eye.

External factors: different burning point positions can be different from 600K, power supply voltage parameters, supporting capacitors, relevant industry standards, rated power below 400W, ballast adjustment rate must be ≤ 10%; but supporting Taitong lighting constant power electronic town The flow device can well prevent color temperature deviation.

Installation quantity: no more than 4 lamps are connected in parallel on the same branch to reduce the voltage change. The phase and phase voltages will also cause the color cast of the light source. For example, customer control and color rendering have special requirements. It is recommended that customers choose HCI ceramic metal halide light source and electronic constant ballast with constant power metal halide lamp, which is more expensive;

Buried lamp installation: Buried lights should be installed in the pre-embedded outer bucket. When installing the light source, be sure to use tempered glass to pressurize the waterproof silicone well, and tighten the screws diagonally evenly. It cannot be installed in the driveway of the square. The conventionally produced HID-type buried lamp is reserved for a 0.5-meter three-core cable. The external wiring requires a waterproof box. The waterproof level requires IP67. The company does not have a waterproof box (can be set for the company), and the buried light must have 20CM. Above the hydrophobic layer, it is better to have a hydrophobic ditch; 10, underwater light installation matters: the conventionally produced underwater lights reserve 1 m three-core cable, the outer wiring should use waterproof box, the waterproof level requires IP68, the company leaves the factory There is no waterproof box (can be set to the company). For safety reasons, the underwater light generally needs a transformer. The waterproof level of the transformer is IP44. Therefore, the level of the anti-electric shock of the underwater light is Class III. The transformer must be installed on the shore of the pool. Installed under water;